Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. In this disease, the immune cell attacks its own genetic material which is supposed to protect. The cause of disease is unknown but it may be the result of combination of environmental, genetic and hormonal factors. It can affect person of any age or gender, affection ratio is higher in females than that of males. The SLE shows geographical variations and mostly found in people of Asia, Africa and Caribbean islands. It is difficult to evaluate the nature of lupus. General symptoms of SLE are skin rashes, joint pain, fatigue etc. It can affect any part of body. There is not specific test that is used to diagnose SLE. There is no cure for SLE but some changes in lifestyle and medications can control the symptoms of disease. There has been improvement in quality of life of people living with SLE since last two decades. Keywords: NSAIDs, immunosuppressants, antibodies, genetic factors, inflammation…

Metronidazole is an antibiotic that is commonly used in various medical conditions, including trichoniasis, amoebiasis and giardiasis. In 1950, Metronidazole was first used to treat Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and novel clinical features were subsequently identified. Metronidazole is currently used to treat Bacteroides, Fusibacterial and Clostridian infections, rosacea, oral and dental disorders, bone and joint infections, gynecological illness, endocarditis, septicemia and inflammation of the respiratory tract. This may also be used during surgical procedures to treat Crohn’s disease, or also as prophylaxis. Metronidazole has been well tolerated with mild to severe side effects, including nausea, stomach pain and diarrhea. Nevertheless, in rare cases severe neurotoxicity, optic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy and encephalopathy have been recorded. Metronidazole has been known to be a cost-effective drug, regardless of its low quality, strong efficacy against pathogenic anaerobic bacteria, beneficial pharmacokinetic & pharmacodynamic features, and mild adverse effects. Keywords: metronidazole, adverse effects, clinical features, anaerobic bacteria, anti-infective…